TERRITORIES WITH UNSTABLE FUNCTIONALITY IN THE STRUCTURE OF ECOLOGICAL-ECONOMIC ZONES

Abstract

While developing projects for the structures of the economic frameworks of the mountain valleys of Kabardino-Balkaria, the authors faced a situation when a number of important functional fragments of landscapes, with increasing frequency, began to be exposed to various types of dangerous natural phenomena. At the same time, most land plots lose their applied value, subsequently restoring functionality in the process of natural dynamics or with compensatory human intervention. In normal times, areas disturbed by the elements quite regularly perform the functions assigned to them. In some cases, the consequences of the external impact of natural disasters exclude further economic use of landscape elements.

Given the clearly pronounced trend of global climate change, the impact of anomalous natural processes on mountain landscapes is likely to continue. In this situation, a dilemma arises as to which category of land should be classified as sites with extremely high variability of natural properties.

The relevance of the proposed topic lies in the fact that the functional properties of lands in the mountains often change due to natural spontaneous external influences. Therefore, in the current design of adaptive economic frameworks in relation to mountain valleys, the problem often arises of determining the place of lands with an unstable function in framework structures.

The aim of the work is to substantiate the possibility of the functional use of mountainous lands periodically covered by the natural elements, the expediency of including them in the design of economic frameworks as natural resources with applied value. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved:

• formulation of the concept of "territory of critical nature management" (TKP) and understanding of its possible place in the projects of constructions of economic frames of mountain valleys;
• compilation of an information block of source materials on the distribution, parameters and frequency of occurrence of hazardous natural phenomena in relation to important areas of traditional nature management;
• ranking of fragments of territories of critical nature management in terms of frequency, reach by the elements of their various sections, in order to highlight fragments of the landscape, which almost always retain functionality.

Methodology. In accordance with the intended goal and tasks, the authors relied on the following research methods:

• using the cartographic method, the centers of the impact of large hazardous natural processes on functional landscapes are considered and their paragenetic connections with adjacent fragments of geosystems are analyzed;
• the route method made it possible to trace the indicative connections between disturbed geo-complexes and anthropogenic pressure on them in the interval between Cherek - Balkarsky and Cherek - Bezengiysky;
• based on the predictive method, it is recommended to make a management decision on the advisability of changing the functions of a number of applied landscape fragments;
• on the basis of an experimental method, the achievement of a critical level of disturbances in a number of places was confirmed, blocking the preservation of the former functions of landscapes.

This publication is based on theoretical and empirical studies of Russian and foreign scientists: Isachenko A.G., Mamay I.I., Kochurova B.I., Rodoman B.B., Beruchashvili N.L., supplemented by the specification of the territory under consideration.